Cold Weather, Seasonal Changes, and Asthma

Many people with asthma find that their symptoms change seasonally. For some, spring pollen is the most challenging time, while for others, it's the cold, dry air of winter. Knowing how the seasons affect your asthma will help you prepare in advance.

Why does cold weather worsen the symptoms?

Cold, dry air reduces moisture in the airways and can lead to narrowing of the bronchi. Suddenly moving from a warm environment to cold air can trigger coughing and wheezing. In winter months, also:

• Viral infections such as colds and the flu increase.

• People spend more time indoors; exposure to dust mites and pet allergens increases.

• Air pollution increases due to warming.

• In enclosed and poorly ventilated homes, dampness and mold problems can arise.

Suggestions for winter

• Cover your mouth and nose. When going outside, a scarf or neck warmer will warm and humidify the air you breathe.

• Breathe through your nose. The nose warms the air before it reaches the lungs.

• Be aware of sudden temperature changes. If possible, wait a few minutes outside the building before leaving to allow your body to adjust.

• Ventilate the house regularly , but avoid hours when stoves are used or when the air is polluted.

• Maintain the humidity balance. Both very dry and very humid air can cause problems. If you use a humidifier, clean it regularly.

• Don't skip your vaccinations. If your doctor recommended it, get your flu shot in the fall.

• Wash your hands frequently. Viral infections are the most common cause of asthma attacks in winter.

Spring and summer

Tree pollens rise in the spring, and grass pollens rise in early summer. For those with pollen allergies:

• Limit outdoor activities on days with high pollen concentrations, especially in the mornings and on windy days.

• After coming in from outside, wash your hands and face, and change your clothes.

• Avoid drying laundry outdoors during pollen season.

• Don't neglect allergic rhinitis treatment; controlling nasal symptoms also has a positive effect on asthma.

Hot and humid weather in summer, thunderstorms, and increased ozone levels can also trigger symptoms in some people.

Autumn and back to school

In September and October, there is a significant increase in asthma attacks, especially in children. Viral infections spread rapidly with the opening of schools. Children who neglected their medication during the summer holidays are more vulnerable during this period. Ensuring regular use of preventive medication and updating the action plan at the beginning of autumn is a wise step.

Discover your own seasonal pattern.

By keeping a symptom diary for a few months, you'll begin to see which seasons worsen your asthma. Share this information with your doctor. For some people, reviewing their treatment before challenging seasons may be beneficial.

This information is for informational purposes only. Consult your doctor for seasonal treatment changes.